- Senior Design Spring 2004
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Stevens Institute of Technology
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Departments
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The procedure for Distraction Osteogenesis was developed by Professor Gavril Ilizarov, and is otherwise known as the Ilizarov Method. The Ilizarov Method involves four sequential stages; these are summarized in the table below.
The Illizarov Method:The first stage of Ilizarov’s Method, Osteotomy, involves cutting the section of bone in question into two pieces; this is also called a fracture. Once the osteotomy is completed, fracture healing begins. Fracture healing is a process whereby fibrous deformable tissues form and are gradually replaced by non-deformable tissue (ossification). The second stage, latency, is a period of about 5-7 days where the process of fracture healing is allowed to proceed to the point where the fibrous tissue has had time to sufficiently form, at this point stage 3, distraction, begins. Distraction is a process where a distraction “gap” is created at the site of the osteotomy, at a rate of 1mm per day. This rate has been found to be the optimal rate for bone distraction. If the rate is less than .5mm per day the fibrous tissue that has formed in the distraction gap begins to harden prematurely, if the rate is greater than 1.5mm per day then there is insufficient time for fibrous tissue to form, this leads to delayed ossification. Ilizarov’s research also showed that more continuous rates of distraction corresponded to better fibrous tissue formation and resulted in fewer traumas to surrounding soft tissue[1].
[1]“Ilizarov Protocol” http://www.globalmednet.com Benefits of Intra-Oral Distraction Surgery
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NOTE: None of these products provide directional control of bone regenerate.
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